thomas more and margaret pole relationship

He was the child Margaret had been carrying when her brother Warwick was executed. Edward was then brought out and displayed briefly to the public. Reginalds brother Geoffrey was in correspondence with Reginald, and Henry had Geoffrey Pole, Margarets heir, arrested in 1538 along with their brother Henry Pole and others. However, we should not assume that Mortons politics had any profound impact upon More. But if the weather turns nasty you up with an anchor and let it down where there's less wind, and the fishing's better. Was More surprised by this speech? The main character is Joanna Stafford, a Dominican novice. Reginald Pole supported Henry VIII in 1529 trying to win support among theologians in Paris for Henrys divorce from Catherine of Aragon. It was his great popularity that saved him. For a time, she and her younger brother were in the care of their maternal aunt, Anne Neville, who was married to their paternal uncle, Richard of Gloucester. He needed to convince the Spanish he was secure in his kingdom. The French ambassador said she was above eighty years old when Henry VIII had her beheaded, while the Imperial ambassador said she was nearly ninety. Margaret Pole. The one potentially scandalous act of his life was his quick second marriage to a widow seven years his senior, Alice Middleton. The Duke of Clarence plotted against Edward IV and in February 1478 was attainted and executed for treason. Her son Reginald described himself afterwards as son of a martyr and in 1886, Pope Leo XIII had Margaret Pole beatified as a martyr. She was a decade and a half younger than he was, and he never seems to have felt anything more than a brotherly affection for her. If the great Sir Thomas More believed the kings marriage to be unlawful, why, it must be so! She was a devout and learned young woman, and though we primarily know her as the older wife who could not bear Henry his desired son and heir, she was once young and pretty and well-liked. He worked eight years as undersheriff and proved himself an impartial judge and able administrator. 3.67. When Catherine of Aragon gave birth to a daughter, Mary, Margaret Pole was asked to be one of the godmothers. More essentially argued that communal life is the only way to end the ill effects of self-interest on politics. Pole, Reginald (1500-58). He was made knight of the Garter, and appointed chamberlain to the young Prince of Wales. 1 Through his father he was descended from Edward III's son, Thomas of Woodstock, and his mother was Catherine Woodville, sister of Edward IV's queen, Elizabeth Woodville; she afterwards married Henry VII's uncle, Jasper Tudor, Duke of Bedford. If he had trusted her once, he no longer did so. When Henry gave the nod for the execution to take place, no one was give. It was granted, and the wealthy widow became stepmother to his four children, and More stepfather to her daughter and son. How to Be Tudor: Can a King Have Friends. Joan, wife of Roger Swillington. When Arthur married Catherine of Aragon, Margaret became one of her ladies-in-waiting, but her entourage was dissolved when Arthur died in 1502 aged fifteen. The veteran plotter Gertrude Courtenay was treated with clemency; unlike Margaret, she was not a free agent but a married woman subject to her husband, and not a claimant to the throne in her own right. Henry Courtenay och Margaret Pole och fngslades i Towern. Contact was made with Warwick; a plot began, or perhaps was manufactured by agents provocateurs; just at this time, to increase the alarm of Henry Tudor, another Warwick impersonator showed his face in Kent. But if the great Sir Thomas More believed the king to be wrong? In 1504, More was elected to Parliament and one of his first acts was to oppose Henry VIIs request of a grant of three-fifteenths. And when the English clergy were forced to acknowledge Henry as the supreme head of their church, More attempted to resign his office. Her daughter Ursula married the Duke of Buckingham's son, Henry Stafford, but after the Duke's fall, the couple were given only fragments of his estates. Pole and his hagiographers gave several later accounts of Pole's activities after Henry met Anne Boleyn. It was a small mercy. His father was not supportive, but More was fully prepared to be disowned rather than disobey Gods will. There, she was surrounded by connections of the Boleyn queen. (Edward would have had a better right to the throne as son of Richards older brother.) Margaret was a great heiress, grand-daughter of the Earl of Warwick who was known as the Kingmaker. Even special physicians summoned from Spain could not help the queen to conceive again. That was what really cost her head in the end, but we wanted to . We know her, as we know so many of her contemporaries, through her inventories, through legal documents and official letters. The picture was cleaned in 1973, and study suggested that some original features have almost vanished. Its influence upon William Shakespeares Richard III is immense. Reginald was present at the treaty negotiations. Margaret was one of just two women in 16th-century England to be a peeress in her own right (suo jure) without a husband in the House of Lords. at, Edmund Mortimer, Earl of March (conflation of, This page was last edited on 21 February 2023, at 21:21. [7] However, her brother's Warwick and Spencer [Despencer] estates remained in the hands of the crown.[8]. The charge was treason. A devoted Catholic, More refuses to sign Parliament's Act of Supremacy, which declares King Henry, and not the Pope, the Supreme Head of the new Church of England. More was a well-born academic and a sincere and committed Roman Catholic. The feast day of Blessed Margaret Pole is 28 May, and she was beatified 1886 by Pope Leo VIII. Like other noble ladies the kings sister the Duchess of Suffolk, or the Duke of Norfolks wife Margaret was not comfortable at the court of Anne Boleyn. Both men were enthusiastic Humanist scholars, but they parted ways with regard to the kings prerogative. He could now only write to his wife and favorite daughter Margaret with a piece of coal or burnt stick on scraps of paper. She was an apt enough pupil to later converse with visitors in Latin. Perhaps his earlier justification for the annulment had been a matter of self-interest, a selective interpretation of opaque text. Mores eldest daughter Margaret would become the first non-royal Englishwoman to publish a work in translation. When Prince Arthur held court in Ludlow with the 15-year-old Catherine of Aragon, Richard Pole was with him, and a friendship began between the bride and the chamberlains wife which was to outlast Catherines life and have deep and lasting consequences for Margaret Pole. Wolsey, for all his brilliance and cunning, could not compete with that influence. Reginald replied to books Henry sent him with his own pamphlet, pro ecclesiasticae unitatis defensione, or de unitate, which denied Henry's position on the marriage of a brother's wife and denied royal supremacy. It was then discovered that More had written to John Fisher, the bishop of Rochester, who was also imprisoned in the Tower for not taking the oath. Get the best results here. Arthur had been a courtier, an able jouster and a great favourite with Henry, serving in his privy chamber. Ten years on, her situation was more difficult to negotiate. Thomas More is the "Man For All Seasons" in the title of the play. His home at Chelsea was as close as Tudor England would come to an 18th century French salon. Certainly Henry wanted Mores support. The kings mother, Margaret Beaufort, was protective of young brides; her own body had been wrecked by a pregnancy at 13. He died on 8 August 1420. Some stories even claim this was at his own request, having been permitted to choose the manner of his execution. She answered that no crime had been imputed to her. He had a true gift for friendship and inspired deep loyalty amongst his family and friends. The pope would not relent. Now he decided to seriously test his religious convictions. Ultimately, they would both become martyrs of their faith (though this show is not likely . Birth City: London, England. His eldest daughter Margaret married the lawyer William Roper in 1521, and More continued his practice of prayer and supervision of learning at his home. He had an illegitimate son, called Henry Fitzroy, by one of his early mistresses. He grew up cultivated and cosmopolitan, sensitive, lively-minded. Thomas More, Thomas Morus ou Toms Moro [1] (Londres, 7 de fevereiro de 1478 Londres, 6 de julho de 1535) foi filsofo, homem de estado, diplomata, escritor, advogado e homem de leis, ocupou vrios cargos pblicos, e em especial, de 1529 a 1532, o cargo de "Lord Chancellor" (Chanceler do Reino - o primeiro leigo em vrios sculos) de Henrique VIII da Inglaterra. After Richard III seized the throne, he sent Margaret to Yorkshire with her brother. He was a brilliant scholar of the Renaissance who died rather than betray the Catholic church. I have a feeling that Edward and Thomas had an even closer relationship when their brother Henry was around. The governors of Lincoln admired him enough to appoint him lecturer on law for three consecutive years. Perhaps the contrast with the quiet, gentle Jane was too striking. Margarets daughter Ursula would have 13 children, and three of her four sons would marry heiresses and have large families. But Lord Montagu attended Annes coronation as he would later attend her trial. Ursula Pole, married Henry Stafford, whose title and lands were lost when his father was executed for treason and attainted, restored to a Stafford title under Edward VI. Margaret is a devout Catholic and a member of the House of York, which fought Henry's father during the War of the Roses; she is first cousin of Henry's mother Queen Elizabeth of York through her father George Plantagenet, Elizabeth's uncle and the brother of Edward IV. He married Anne Cheney, daughter of Nicholas Cheney. It states that Margaret refused to lay her head on the block, declaiming, "So should traitors do, and I am none". After his death, and for centuries thereafter, Sir Thomas More was known as the most famous victim of Henry VIII's tyranny. In this first biography of a significant female figure in the male-dominated world of British Tudor politics, Hazel Pierce reconsiders the life and martyrdom of Catholic duchess Margaret Pole against the changing social and political landscape of her times. But literacy was their usual weapon, not spells, and many of them picked up enough legal knowledge to fight their corner in civil disputes. But Margaret Pole, one of the great magnates of Tudor England, is not overlooked. Margaret was 14, and probably remained at court rather than living with her husband. The accounts differ slightly; Marillac's report, dispatched two days afterwards, recorded that the execution took place in a corner of the Tower with so few people present that, in the evening, news of her execution was doubted. You can find out more about our use, change your default settings, and withdraw your consent at any time with effect for the future by visiting Cookies Settings, which can also be found in the footer of the site. Yet even as his legal future seemed assured, More was deeply conflicted about his future. Mr Buxton has returned to live quietly in Cranford following . A possible portrait of Margaret Pole (c. 1535). Or was there, as she claimed, nothing worth burning? But he himself did not sign the letter in which most of Englands nobles and prelates petitioned the pope to declare the marriage unlawful. Unfortunately, Cardinal Wolsey was unable to secure an annulment for the king. Gender: Male. Even the more sedate accounts agree that, like Thomas Cromwell, she was hacked about by a second-string executioner. Since Margaret and her brother, Edward, were debarred from the throne by their father's attainder, their uncle, Richard, Duke of Gloucester, was offered the crown and became king as Richard III. In 1485, he was defeated and killed at the Battle of Bosworth by Henry Tudor, who succeeded him as Henry VII. [2] As one of the few members of the House of Plantagenet to have survived the Wars of the Roses, she was executed in 1541 at the command of King Henry VIII, the second monarch of the House of Tudor, who was the son of her first cousin, Elizabeth of York. But for now he was out of Henrys reach, leaving his family as hostages. Their destruction came with a wave of arrests in the autumn of 1538. Name: Thomas More. The skeleton was not complete, but part of the skull had survived, and certain other bones. 28 Little Russell Street But polite prevarications only worked for so long and soon More was a genuine courtier, with all its attendant duties and benefits. Margaret was perhaps guilty only by association, but at this distance it is impossible to tell. It was not a bloodbath, but a selective cull, carried through by process of law. Both Henry and Reginald Pole were attainted in 1539; Geoffrey was pardoned. She was no longer, though, the sort of influence Henry wished for his daughter. In some cases, they conspired against the crown while claiming, if it went badly, that their weak female brains had been addled by male influence, and that fragility and brittleness allowed their trust to be easily abused. Afterwards, More's head was displayed on a pike at London Bridge for a month. https://www.thoughtco.com/margaret-pole-tudor-matriarch-and-martyr-3530618 (accessed March 1, 2023). Then, in good faith, between your grace and me is but this, that I shall die today, and you tomorrow.. They were preventing her marriage to the king. When Henry imposed an oath which recognised him as head of the church in England, the countess and her household complied. Investigating An Anemometer. Margaret reminded Reginald what they all owed to the Tudors, and urged him to give up his enterprise, to take another way and serve the king: his renegade actions, she said, had plunged her into grief and fear, and trust me, Reginald, there never went the death of thy father or of any child so nigh my heart. Thomas Cromwell, who spied efficiently on the whole family, tried to have Reginald abducted or assassinated. It did not matter. He was Dean of Exeter and Wimborne Minster, Dorset, as well as a canon of York. The relationship between Mary and Lady Salisbury was very close. The nun sought out eminent supporters, especially those who, like Margaret and like Gertrudes husband, had a claim to the throne, and pressed on them the contents of her visions: unless he went back to his wife and to Rome, Henry would expire in torments. She, her grandson, Henry (son of her own son Henry), and Exeter's son were held together and supported by the king. But with him away from court there were outside influences on their relationship that neither brother could see coming. And her gender did not necessarily disqualify her from becoming leader of the opposition if that was what she chose. "Margaret Pole, Tudor Matriarch and Martyr." More was thus in his early thirties, successful, happily married, when the tax collectors Dudley and Empson were beheaded on Tower Hill at the command of the new king, Henry VIII. And the king did not force the issue. Warwick Margaret's own favour at Court varied. Her thoughts, her motives, are so hidden, either by her inclination or by the work of time, that it is difficult for the most diligent biographer to put her together and make her walk and talk. Henry was negotiating a glorious marriage for Prince Arthur, to a daughter of Ferdinand and Isabella. But he could not recognize the kings authority as head of the new church of England. She spent much of her time at Warblington, where she was nicely placed, in the event of an invasion, to help the rebels against Henry; or so you thought, if you were one of Henrys councillors. As Countess of Salisbury, Margaret managed her lands well and by 1538 she was the fifth richest peer in England. Where is Hans Holbein when you need him? His naivety meant that, when threats to the regime mounted, he was easily entrapped. On law for three consecutive years William Shakespeares Richard III is immense Henry! Four children, and study suggested that some original features have almost vanished called Henry Fitzroy by... A sincere and committed Roman Catholic than betray the Catholic church between your and. Called Henry Fitzroy, by one of the skull had survived, and the wealthy widow became to. 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